Uzinex, utilaje & echipamente pentru industrie
Turnkey business · Packaging, co-packing

Industrial packaging as a service: you package someone else's product.

Guide for those who want to handle packaging for manufacturers that cannot justify their own line. The three packaging levels and why entry works in reverse, from pallet to product. How to price correctly per batch rather than per piece. Plus the issue that ruins most co-packing workshops: format changeover time.

3
Packaging levels
primary, secondary, tertiary
III
Entry level
palletizing: the lowest investment
×7
Batch changeover impact
at 200 buc, 60 min changeover
60 L
Equipment warranty
Uzinex standard, not an option
· Premise

The small producer has the product.
They do not have the line that makes it saleable.

A packaging line only makes sense above a volume that a small manufacturer does not reach. But its product still has to look on the shelf like that of a large manufacturer: straight label, clean multipack, compliant pallet. The packaging service exists between these two realities.

It is built modularly

You do not need the complete line. Start with two machines at the tertiary level, wrapping and strapping, and add modules as contracts require them. Each investment step is small and justified by a real order, not by a projection.

It is sold together with storage

The client's goods stay at your site before and after packaging. If you have space, storage is a second service for the same client with little additional effort. Together, the two services make the business profitable. Packaging alone has a thin margin.

The client stays because switching costs them

Once formats are adjusted, labels are validated, and batch records are established, changing the packaging supplier costs the client time and creates risk. Contracts become stable and revenue becomes predictable.

The trap is format changeover

The capacity stated in the equipment data sheet is reached only on large batches. On small batches, changeover time dominates the process. If you quote per piece without a setup fee, you work a lot and earn little. This is the difference between a profitable workshop and a busy one.

· Industry vocabulary

Three packaging levels,
three equipment groups.

Primary packaging touches the product, secondary packaging groups products, and tertiary packaging forms the transport unit. A client rarely needs all three, so the service is sold by level and the equipment is purchased using the same logic: start where the client's need is not covered.

THREE PACKAGING LEVELS · THREE EQUIPMENT GROUPSIII · PALLETII · BOXESPRIMARY PACKAGINGtouches the productfilled bottle, bag, film on productequipment: filling, capping, flow wrappingSECONDARY PACKAGINGgroups productsbox, multipack, shrink-wrapped packequipment: case erector, sealing, shrink tunnelTERTIARY PACKAGINGtransport unitwrapped and strapped pallet, logistics label appliedequipment: pallet wrapping, strappingA customer rarely needs all three. That is why the service is sold by level, and the equipment is purchased in the same order.
· Entry levels

Start in reverse:
from the pallet toward the product.

On the line, the product moves from primary to tertiary packaging. For investment, the logic is reversed. Tertiary packaging requires the lowest investment and has the lowest risk because you do not touch the product. It is also the stage most small manufacturers handle manually. Start there.

Who buys
Small manufacturers, distributors, warehouses, and e-commerce companies that ship pallets but wrap them manually.
Personnel
2–3 people
Risk level
minimum risk: you do not touch the product, only the transport unit
Where this level becomes constrained
  • Low revenue per pallet. Profitability comes from volume and from selling the service together with storage, not on its own.
  • You depend on the client's logistics flow. If shipments are irregular, the machine stands idle.
  • It does not give you access to the margin from presentation packaging, which is at the higher levels.
Cross-cutting layer

Labeling, the cross-functional layer

Labeling does not belong to a single level. It is applied to the product, the box, and the pallet, each time using a different machine and a different label type. It is also the service most often requested separately, because a manufacturer may have everything else in order, but a crooked label can ruin the product's appearance on the shelf. For many workshops, labeling is the first paid order.

· Line flow

From the bulk product
to the pallet ready for delivery.

You do not need all six stations to start. You need exactly the ones your client does not have. Most small manufacturers handle filling themselves, but they do not have quality labeling or palletizing. That is where the service sells immediately.

PACKAGING LINE · 6 STATIONS · BULK PRODUCT → PALLET READY FOR DELIVERYST1FILLINGvolumetric dosingST2LABELINGflat or sideST3BOX FORMINGpneumatic erectorST4SEALINGadhesive tapeST5PALLETIZINGplacement on palletST6WRAPPINGstretch film + strappingYou do not need all six stations to start. You need the stations your customer does not have.Most small producers have filling but do not have labeling and palletizing. That is where the saleable service is.
· The trap

Rated capacity
is not your actual capacity.

Between batches, you change the format, adjust, clean, and make test pieces. That time produces nothing, but it is distributed over the batch size. At two hundred pieces, a one-hour changeover reduces the actual throughput to approximately one seventh of the nominal capacity.

This leads to the pricing rule for the entire business: a setup fee per batch, plus a per-unit rate calculated from effective capacity. Without the first line item, every small batch you accept consumes the margin from a large one.

EFFECTIVE THROUGHPUT vs. BATCH SIZE · NOMINAL CAPACITY 1.200 pcs/h2005001k2.5k5k10kPIECES PER BATCHnominal capacity, unattainableCHANGEOVER TIME20 minsimilar format, short setup60 mindifferent product, different format, cleaningBATCH SIZE DETERMINES THE PRICEAt 200 pieces, a changeoverof one hour cuts actual throughput toapproximately one seventh.Model: throughput = batch / (batch / capacity + changeover). Quote per batch, not per piece.
· Pricing

Four lines in the quotation,
not one.

A single rate per packaged unit seems simple and is the most common mistake in this business. It does not cover small batches, increases in consumable prices, or the space where the client's goods remain for weeks.

01

Setup fee per batch

It covers the format change, setup and the first test pieces. Without it, every small batch you accept eats the margin from a large one.

02

Rate per packaged unit

Calculated from effective capacity, not nominal capacity. The difference between them is exactly the changeover time divided by the batch size.

03

Materials, billed separately

Film, strap, labels, boxes, corner boards. They are listed separately so you do not absorb consumable price increases, which are frequent and outside your control.

04

Storage, if you offer it

The customer's goods sit with you before and after packaging. That space has a cost, and if you do not invoice it, it is quietly deducted from the margin per unit.

· Automation levels

Manual, semi-automatic,
automatic: at each station.

Do not automate the entire line at once. Automate the bottleneck station, while the others remain at the lower level until volume requires an upgrade. The largest capacity gain relative to investment is usually in labeling and wrapping.

Consider the secondary effect: an automatic station with a fixed format has a longer changeover time than the semi-automatic version. With many different formats, the semi-automatic option can produce more in a real working day.

MANUAL vs. SEMI-AUTOMATIC vs. AUTOMATIC · INDICATIVE CAPACITYMANUALSEMI-AUTOMATICAUTOMATICLabelingpcs/min625100Box sealingboxes/min51217Shrink wrappingpcs/min31030Pallet wrappingpallets/h21540Strappingstraps/min31230Indicative values. Actual capacity depends on the product and is confirmed in the machine data sheet.
· Who you sell to

Four customer categories,
with completely different rhythms.

Small food, beverage, and cosmetics manufacturers

They cannot justify their own line for their volume, but they need a product that looks like a large manufacturer's. They order repeatedly, in fixed formats.

medium ticket, constant demand

Importers and distributors

They receive bulk goods or packaging not adapted to the local market and must prepare them for retail: Romanian-language label, multipack, compliant palletizing.

large ticket, large batches

E-commerce companies

They have seasonal peaks they do not want to cover with permanent staff. They ask for kitting, sets and shipping packaging, with short lead times.

variable ticket, strongly seasonal

Campaigns and promotions

Promotional sets, temporary multipacks, gifts attached to the product. Short, well-paid jobs, but with many format changes.

large ticket per batch, short jobs
· Space and organization

Here, the warehouse
matters more than the line.

The specific feature of this business is that you work with someone else's goods, and they stay at your site before and after packaging. That is why space organization and batch records matter more than machine speed.

Three separate areas

Receiving and stock of unpackaged goods, work area, stock of finished products on pallets. Mixing them is the most common cause of batch errors, and for food it is also a compliance issue.

The warehouse matters more than the line

You work with someone else's goods and they remain at your site until delivery. The storage area usually exceeds the production area. If you do not plan for it, you end up storing goods in work aisles.

Dry compressed air

Almost all packaging machines use air: carton erectors, sealing heads, wrapping arms, dosing units. Moisture in the air reaches the solenoid valves and causes intermittent stops that are difficult to diagnose.

Batch records

What you received, what you packaged, what you delivered, with dates and quantities. This is not bureaucracy. It is the only evidence you have if a complaint arises about a batch delivered three months ago.

Consumables stock by format

Each box format, each film width, and each label is a stock item. The capital tied up here is higher than most businesses estimate at the beginning.

Contract and liability limits

The client's goods may be worth more than your machines. Liability limits, insurance, and the procedure in case of damage must be written into the contract, not discussed after the first incident.

· What brochures do not tell you

Ten mistakes,
almost all related to pricing.

In packaging, the machines are rarely the problem. The calculation is what fails: assumed capacity, batches accepted too small, and costs that never make it into the quote.

01

You quote per piece without a setup fee, then small batches of two hundred pieces consume your margin.

02

You calculate capacity from the equipment data sheet, not from effective capacity after format changes.

03

You accept too many different formats and spend more time adjusting than packaging.

04

You include materials in the per-unit rate, then absorb every increase in film prices yourself.

05

You start directly with primary food packaging without clarifying hygiene and authorization requirements.

06

You do not separate the areas and mix batches, and the error is discovered at the client's site, on the shelf.

07

You do not plan warehouse space and block the flow with pallets of client goods.

08

You have no batch records, so you cannot prove anything when a complaint appears after three months.

09

You do not bill storage, so it silently reduces your per-unit margin.

10

You sign without liability limits even though the client's goods are worth more than your machines.

· Implementation plan

From the decision to the first invoiced batch,
in 90 days.

DAY 1–15

Finding the market gap

  • Talk to five small manufacturers in the area and find out which packaging stage they perform manually.
  • Identify the level you will enter: tertiary, secondary, or primary. It is almost always tertiary.
  • Check whether there is also demand for storage, because the services sell better together.
DAY 16–30

Configuring the starter module

  • You receive the configuration for the selected level, sized according to the clients' actual formats.
  • Define the consumables list by format and the capital required for the initial stock.
  • Finalize the layout of the three areas and the flow of goods between them.
DAY 31–45

Contracts and compliance

  • Sign the first two contracts, with liability limits and batch-based pricing clearly written.
  • If you enter food packaging, clarify hygiene and authorization requirements before ordering.
  • Submit the leasing or equipment loan application, with down payment from 0%.
DAY 46–70

Space preparation

  • Set up the three areas, dry compressed air, power supply, shelving, and palletizing space.
  • Set up the batch record system. It can be simple, but it must be consistent from the first batch.
  • Recruit and train staff, including the person who will plan the batches.
DAY 71–90

First invoiced batches

  • Commissioning, machine training, and a test batch with measurement of actual times.
  • Calculate your effective capacity and set your rates per batch and per unit.
  • First delivered batch, with complete records and receipt confirmed by the client.
· Financing

The advantage of modularity:
each step is small.

You do not finance an entire line. You finance the module required by a signed contract, with a down payment from 0% and the first installment after delivery. As you add levels, each financing file is justified by a real order, which also makes approval easier.

· Frequently asked questions

About packaging
as a service.

You take over the packaging of someone else's products. The manufacturer sends you bulk or partially packaged goods. You fill, label, group them into boxes, palletize, wrap, and return them ready for delivery. The market also calls this co-packing. The model works because a small manufacturer cannot justify its own packaging line for its volume, but still needs a product that looks like that of a large manufacturer.

Tell us what your customers package
manually today.

The level you want to enter, product type, formats, and estimated batches. You receive the starter module configuration, the consumables list by format, space and compressed-air requirements, plus the modular financing option.

09 / Contact

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next project together.

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Email
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